In creating the framework, we drew on a range of literature and interviews with teachers and teacher educators who work with multilingual pedagogies and in the field of GCE. Below is a list of the main literature sources that provide background to this framework.
Useful journal articles and book chapters for typologies of Global Citizenship Education
Revista (2013-2021sinergiased.org)
Blackmore, C. (2016). Towards a pedagogical framework for global citizenship education. International Journal of Development Education and Global Learning, 8(1), 39-56. https://doi.org/10.18546/ijdegl.8.1.04
Pashby, K., da Costa, M., Stein, S., & Andreotti, V. (2020). A meta-review of typologies of global citizenship education. Comparative Education, 56(2), 144-164. https://doi.org/10.1080/03050068.2020.1723352
Sun X. (2020). Towards a common framework for global citizenship education: A critical review of UNESCO’s conceptual framework of global citizenship education. In Zhu X., Li J., Li M., Liu Q., Starkey H. (Eds.). Education and mobilities. Perspectives on rethinking and reforming education. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9031-9_15
Useful references on Global Citizenship Education
Brand, U., & Wissen, M. (2011). Sozial-ökologische Krise und imperiale Lebensweise. Zu Krise und Kontinuität kapitalistischer Naturverhältnisse. VielfachKrise im finanzdominierten Kapitalismus. Hamburg, 78-93. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267978661_Sozial-okologische_Krise_und_imperiale_Lebensweise_Zu_Krise_und_Kontinuitat_kapitalistischer_Naturverhaltnisse
Concord Europe. (2018). Global citizenship education in Europe: How much do we care?. Concord Europe. https://library.concordeurope.org/record/1917
Duarte, J. (2022). De wereld is er al: Inclusie door wereldburgerschap. Universiteit Van Amsterdam. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/359973151_De_wereld_is_er_al_-_inclusie_door_wereldburgerschap
Giraud, C. (2020). Verschillende stromingen van wereldburgerschapseducatie. Global Citizenship Education, issue paper no. 1, p.2-5. https://wijzijnkruit.be/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Issue-paper-1-NL-rebranded-web.pdf
Global Education Week Network. (2012). Global education guidelines: Concepts and methodologies on global education for educators and policy makers. North-South Centre for Council of Europe. https://rm.coe.int/prems-089719-global-education-guide-a4/1680973101
Guo, L. (2014). Preparing to educate teachers for 21st century global citizenship: Envisioning and enacting. Journal of Global Citizenship and Equity Education, 4(1), 1-23. https://journals.sfu.ca/jgcee/index.php/jgcee/article/view/121
Kruit, Global Citizenship Education Center of Expertise. (s.d.) Papers and magazines. Retrieved from https://wijzijnkruit.be/wij-onderbouwen/global-citizenship-education-centre-of-expertise/ on 25 August 2022.
Longview Foundation (2008). Teacher preparation for the global age: The imperative for change. Retrieved January 5, 2021, from www.longviewfdn.org/files/44.pdf
Lopez, A. A., Turkan, S., & Guzman-Orth, D. (2016). Assessing multilingual competence. In E. Shohamy, E., Or I., May S. (Eds.). Language testing and assessment. Encyclopedia of language and education. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02326-7_6-1
Nuffic, de Nederlandse organisatie voor internationalisering in onderwijs. Wereldburgerschap. Retrieved from https://www.nuffic.nl/onderwerpen/wereldburgerschap on 25 August 2022.
Nuffic, de Nederlandse organisatie voor internationalisering in onderwijs. Global Citizen Network. Retrieved from https://www.nuffic.nl/onderwerpen/global-citizen-network on 25 August 2022.
Reysen, S., & Katzarska-Miller, I. (2013). A model of global citizenship: Antecedents and outcomes. International Journal of Psychology, 48(5), 858-870. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2012.701749
Rieckmann, M. (2018). Die Bedeutung von Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung für das Erreichen der Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). ZEP: Zeitschrift für internationale Bildungsforschung und Entwicklungspädagogik, 41(2), 4-10.
Seitz, K. (2002). Bildung in der Weltgesellschaft: gesellschaftstheoretische Grundlagen globalen Lernens. Brandes & Apsel.
Steffens, G. (2017). Ulrich Brand/Markus Wissen: Imperiale Lebensweise. Zur Ausbeutung von Mensch und Natur im globalen Kapitalismus. München: oekom verlag 2017. 224 S.(Jahrbuch für Pädagogik 2017). Jahrbuch für Pädagogik, 2017(1), 291-294.
Zhao, Y. (2010). Preparing globally competent teachers: A new imperative for teacher education. Journal of Teacher Education, 61(5), 422-431. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487110375802
Useful references on Multilingualism
Aronin, L., & Singleton, D. (2008). Multilingualism as a new linguistic dispensation. International Journal of Multilingualism, 5(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.2167/ijm072.0
Boeckmann, Klaus-Börge & Aalto, Eija & Abel, Andrea & Atanasoska, Tatjana & Lamb, Terry. (2011). Promoting plurilingualism – Majority language in multilingual settings. European Centre for Modern Languages. https://www.ecml.at/Portals/1/documents/ECML-resources/DM3_2011_08_17_marille_en.pdf?ver=2018-03-20-155505-160
Cenoz, J. (2013). Defining multilingualism. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 33, 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1017/s026719051300007x
Edwards, J. (1994). Multilingualism. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203430927
Haukås, A. (2016). Teachers’ beliefs about multilingualism and a multilingual pedagogical approach. International Journal of Multilingualism, 13(1), 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2015.1041960
Heller, M. (2007). Bilingualism as ideology and practice. In Heller M. (Eds.). Bilingualism: A social approach. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230596047_1 
Jonkman, R. en Riemersma, A. (red.). (2019). Rispje en siedzje. Wat bereikt is in de Lectoraten Frysk & Meartaligens en Taalgebruik & Leren in de jaren 2010-2018. En wat gaat volgen vanaf 2019 in het Lectoraat Meertaligheid & Geletterdheid. NHL Stenden Hogeschool Leeuwarden, https://pure.rug.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/117809058/rispje_en_siedzje_print.pdf
Piller, I. (2016). Monolingual ways of seeing multilingualism. Journal of Multicultural Discourses, 11(1), 25-33, https://doi.org/10.1080/17447143.2015.1102921
Wei, L., & Hua, Z. (2010). Voices from the diaspora: Changing hierarchies and dynamics of Chinese multilingualism. International Journal of The Sociology of Language, 2010(205). https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl.2010.043
Resources for teachers from the ROMtels project:
Guidance handbooks, ROMtels. (2021). Retrieved 10 May 2021, from https://research.ncl.ac.uk/romtels/resources/guidancehandbooks/